Binding or cementing material.



COATING R PLASTIC.

UNITED STATES Examine PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MILLAB NEIL, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO ALEXANDER M. BAY, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

BINDING OB CEMENTING MATERIAL.

No Drawing.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

1911. Serial No. 629,815

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES M. NEIL, of Toronto, in the county of York and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Binding or Cementing Material; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

This invention is a binder or cementing material for use in the manufacture of composite building material in all classes of construction work.

In another application filed May 27, 1911, Serial No. 629,813, I have disclosed a binder consisting of a mixture obtained from silicate of soda and an alkali, and from trisaccharate of lime and an acid radical salt.

I have discovered that by employing an agent, such as acetate of lime, in combination with silicate of soda I obtain a binder which when mixed with a suitable filler, of lime or limestone and sand, gravel, etc., will result in the production of silicate of calcium and the consequent binding of all the materials into a compact mass of great strength and durability.

Commercial silicate of soda is a thick syrupy mass; but if evaporated to dryness becomes practically insoluble in water, and requires prolonged boiling in a strong alkali in order to bring it into solution.

Such novel binder forms the subject-matter of the present application. It can be produced in the form of a solution; or in the form of powder; which latter is preferred as it can be more readily transported to the place where the binder is to be used, and results in greater economy of operation and facilitates its use.

If it is desired to use the elements of my novel binder in a wet or liquid form, I add to the commercial silicate of soda (2'. e. the syrupy mass) suflicient water to dilute same to 30 to 50 degrees Twaddell; and then I make a solution (preferably 10% strength) of acetate of lime. Then I add preferably one part of such solution to five parts of the silicate of soda solution; and mix same with the filler.

I take an alkali (such as soda ash) and mix same with silicate of soda in the liquid form in which it is usually sold in commerce, and then evaporate the mixture, the

resultant product is a 41% soluble comound. For example the a 1011 o a In the manufacture of construction material in road making and the like I add said binder to l' e or limestone calcium carbonag} in a out t e propor 1011 0 one o e lnder (if dry) to two or more of lime or calcium carbonate. I do not consider it desirable to use more than fifteen parts of lime, or carbonate of lime, to one part of the binder, because the mixture would become so weak that the reactions would be too much retarded for practical working. This particular mixture is then ready for use, and can be transported in a drv to the point where it is to be used, and there intermixed with the desired proportions of sand, gravel, rock, or other material which it is desired to bind. On the addition of water to the mass certain chemical reactions are place, resulting in the production of silicate of lime which binds all the materials into a compact mass of great strength and durability. Instead of adding lime or limestone to the mixture at the point of manufacture, crushed limestone (carbonate of lime) may be added at the point of use; thereby reducing transportation char es on the binding material.

The reactions which take place are as follows: The silicate of soda reacting on the acetate of lime, forms the binding material silicate of lime, and simultaneously produces acetate of soda.

The novel binder above described produces very superior practical results in that where it is used in road making, for example, the materials are bound firml and compactly together and with a certam degree of elasticity which increases durability of the road-way; lessens shock and noise of traflic thereover; and such road-way is not detrimentally aflected by atmospheric changes nor by climatic changes of cold and heat. 11 account of the wearing and resilient qualities of the binder such road-way will be less liable to deterioration by the suction of pneumatic tires; and its surface also 2. A binding material for the purpose described consisting of a mixture of a dry powdered alkaline silicate and dry powdered affords a better hold or tractive efl'ect for acetate of lime, substantially as described. 20 5 vehicles and animals. 3. A composition for the purpose speci- VVhile I have found that the above menfied comprising a filler, and a mixture of a tioned proportions of silicate of soda and dry powdered alkaline silicate and dry powacetate of lime produce excellent results, the dered acetate of lime, substantially as deproportions may be varied according to the scribed. 25

In testimony that I claim the foregoing 10 materials used, and the. strength of the binder desired for various purposes. as my own, I atfix my signature in presence What I claim is: p of two witnesses. 1. A composition for the purposes speci- JAMES MILLAR NEIL. fied, comprising a filler bonded by a product -Witnesses: 15 of a mixture of acetate of lime and an al- ARTHUR E. DowELL,

kaline silicate, substantially as described.

JAMES R. MANSFIELD.

copies of 1:111! patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

im-saw (WHA 1 m Moms) 

